简  介

brief introduction

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苏清河，男，汉族，1941年生，福建德化人。第一批国家级非物质文化遗产项目德化瓷烧制技艺代表性传承人。1956年，苏清河进入德化瓷厂雕塑组，师从苏勤明学习陶瓷工艺。他从事陶瓷工艺美术工作五十余载，先后在建阳、古田及德化东澄、宝美等瓷厂工作。他的代表作品有《寄艳花瓶》《华严三圣》等。

Su Qinghe, male, Han Nationality, born in 1941, born in Dehua, Fujian province. The first batch of national intangible cultural heritage project representative inheritors of Dehua porcelain firing skills. In 1956, Su Qinghe entered the sculpture group of Dehua Porcelain Factory and learned ceramic technology from Su Qinming. He has been engaged in ceramic arts and crafts work for more than 50 years, and has worked in Jianyang, Gutian, Dehua Dongcheng, Baomei and other porcelain factories successively. His representative works include "Send Yan Vase", "The Three Sages of Huayan" and so on.

非遗技艺介绍

Introduction to intangible cultural heritage skills

德化瓷雕塑历史悠久，据考古发现的唐至清的德化瓷窑址，结合县博物馆馆藏新石器时代的硬陶、印纹陶片，还有当地古墓出土的瓷器及大量的古窑址的标本分析推测，德化陶瓷制作生产始于新石器时代，兴于唐、宋、元，盛于明、清，发展于当代。

德化瓷雕塑形象刻画吸收石窟艺术的养分，衣纹处理深得中国画以线造型的神韵，表情静谧安逸、端庄慈祥，气势纵横飘洒、静中取动，节奏抑扬顿挫、疏密有致。传统技艺有捏、塑、刻、搓、削、刮、接、擦、划等。其中捏塑法更是令人叫绝，人物的手、足、珠串、花饰、璎珞都是随手捏成，精巧纤秀，工细逼真，充满着情趣盎然、生动活泼的民间生活气息。德化瓷在刻花、浮雕装饰上，工艺美与材质美融为一体，呈现出温文尔雅、高贵含蓄的名窑气质。尤其建白瓷的装饰，或刻划并用，或浮印兼施，其积釉处浓淡分明，层次丰富。这种独特的艺术效果与优雅温润的瓷质结合紧密，浑然天成，相得益彰。瓷胎细密，透光度极其良好，为其他地区白瓷所不及。

Dehua porcelain sculpture has a long history, according to the archaeological discovery of tang to qing dehua porcelain kiln site, combined with the county museum collection neolithic pottery, print pottery, and local tomb unearthed porcelain and a large number of ancient kiln site specimen analysis, dehua ceramic production began in the neolithic age, in tang, song, yuan, sheng in Ming, qing, development in the contemporary.

The image depiction of Dehua porcelain sculpture absorbs the nutrients of grotto art, and the garment pattern processing deeply gets the charm of Chinese painting with line shape. The expression is quiet and comfortable, dignified and kind, the momentum is flowing and moving quietly, and the rhythm is cadence and dense. Traditional techniques include kneading, molding, carving, rubbing, cutting, scraping, connecting, wiping, rowing and so on. Among them, the kneading method is even more amazing. The characters' hands, feet, beads, flower ornaments and wreaths are all conveniently kneaded, delicate and delicate, full of interesting and lively folk life. Dehua porcelain in the carving, relief decoration, the beauty of craftsmanship and material integration, showing a gentle, noble and implicit famous kiln temperament. In particular, the decoration of white porcelain, or carved, or floating printing, the glaze is clear, rich layers. This unique artistic effect is closely combined with the elegant and warm porcelain, complementing each other. The porcelain tire is fine and the transmittance is extremely good, unlike the white porcelain in other areas.

荣誉成就

Honor achievement

苏清河为了将传统瓷艺发扬光大，除了带领儿女从事研究与创作外，还把烧瓷技艺传授给其他学徒，打破了“传内不传外”的传统规矩。几十年来，苏清河己培养出六百多名学生，可谓桃李满天下。苏清河长年坚持培养德化瓷烧制技艺的传承人，在他的努力下，部分传人己经成为这一领域的后起之秀。2019年11月，《国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目保护单位名单》公布，德化县文化馆获得“德化瓷烧制技艺”项目保护单位资格。2006年5月20日，德化瓷烧制技艺经国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。

In order to carry forward the traditional porcelain art, Su Qinghe not only led his children to engage in research and creation, but also taught the porcelain burning skills to other apprentices, breaking the traditional rule of "passing on the inside but not passing on the outside". Over the past decades, Su Qinghe has trained more than 600 students, students all over the world. Su Qinghe has been cultivating the inheritors of Dehua porcelain firing skills for years. With his efforts, some of his successors have become rising stars in this field. In November 2019, the List of Protection Units of Representative Projects of National Intangible Cultural Heritage was announced, and Dehua County Cultural Center obtained the qualification of protection unit of "Dehua Porcelain firing Technology" project. On May 20,2006, Dehua porcelain firing technology was approved by The State Council and included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

作品展示

 works show